Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)
GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS📂 Science & Technology 🌍 153 countries
Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.
🌍 World Average (2023):0.43
All Countries — Latest Data
153 countries1🇮🇱Israel6.0220222🇱🇮Liechtenstein5.8720193🇰🇷Korea, Rep.5.2120224🇺🇸United States3.5920225🇸🇪Sweden3.4120226🇧🇪Belgium3.4120227🇯🇵Japan3.4120228🇨🇭Switzerland3.3120219🇦🇹Austria3.20202210🇩🇪Germany3.13202211🇫🇮Finland2.96202212🇬🇧United Kingdom2.90202113🇩🇰Denmark2.89202214🇮🇸Iceland2.60202215🇨🇳China2.56202216🇳🇱Netherlands2.26202217🇫🇷France2.23202218🇸🇬Singapore2.16202019🇸🇮Slovenia2.10202220🇨🇿Czechia1.96202221🇦🇺Australia1.86202122🇪🇪Estonia1.78202223🇵🇹Portugal1.70202224🇨🇦Canada1.70202325🇳🇴Norway1.56202226🇦🇪United Arab Emirates1.49202127🇬🇷Greece1.49202228🇳🇿New Zealand1.47202129🇵🇱Poland1.45202230🇪🇸Spain1.44202231🇭🇷Croatia1.40202232🇭🇺Hungary1.39202233🇮🇹Italy1.39202234🇹🇷Turkiye1.32202235🇹🇭Thailand1.16202236🇧🇷Brazil1.15202037🇭🇰Hong Kong SAR, China1.10202338🇱🇹Lithuania1.05202239🇪🇬Egypt, Arab Rep.1.03202340🇸🇰Slovak Republic0.98202241🇱🇺Luxembourg0.98202242🇮🇪Ireland0.96202243🇲🇾Malaysia0.95202044🇷🇸Serbia0.95202345🇷🇺Russian Federation0.93202246🇫🇴Faroe Islands0.85200347🇰🇪Kenya0.81202348🇷🇼Rwanda0.79202349🇱🇻Latvia0.76202250🇧🇬Bulgaria0.75202251🇹🇳Tunisia0.75201952🇨🇾Cyprus0.75202253🇮🇷Iran, Islamic Rep.0.73202154🇯🇴Jordan0.70201655🇻🇪Venezuela, RB0.69201656🇶🇦Qatar0.68202157🇲🇦Morocco0.66201058🇳🇦Namibia0.65202259🇬🇱Greenland0.65200460🇮🇳India0.65202061🇺🇾Uruguay0.63202262🇿🇦South Africa0.62202263🇲🇹Malta0.60202264🇬🇦Gabon0.58200965🇧🇾Belarus0.58202366🇸🇳Senegal0.58201567🇸🇦Saudi Arabia0.56202368🇧🇼Botswana0.56201369🇦🇷Argentina0.55202270🇹🇿Tanzania0.51201371🇩🇿Algeria0.48201772🇷🇴Romania0.46202273🌐West Bank and Gaza0.45201374🇪🇨Ecuador0.44201475🇵🇷Puerto Rico (US)0.43201576🇻🇳Viet Nam0.42202177🇨🇩Congo, Dem. Rep.0.41201578🇦🇸American Samoa0.40200679🇲🇰North Macedonia0.40202380🇨🇬Congo, Rep.0.38202281🇬🇭Ghana0.38201082🇴🇲Oman0.37202383🇲🇪Montenegro0.36201984🇨🇱Chile0.36202185🇨🇺Cuba0.36202286🇨🇷Costa Rica0.34202287🇺🇦Ukraine0.33202388🇵🇭Philippines0.32201889🇺🇬Uganda0.31202390🇲🇿Mozambique0.31201591🇳🇵Nepal0.30201092🇹🇩Chad0.30201693🇨🇴Colombia0.29202094🇳🇬Nigeria0.28201995🇮🇩Indonesia0.28202096🇿🇲Zambia0.28200897🇧🇳Brunei Darussalam0.28201898🇪🇹Ethiopia0.27201799🇱🇨St. Lucia0.271999100🇲🇽Mexico0.272023101🇸🇿Eswatini0.272015102🇲🇴Macao SAR, China0.262023103🇬🇺Guam0.262005104🇬🇪Georgia0.252023105🇧🇫Burkina Faso0.252021106🇲🇺Mauritius0.232023107🇧🇲Bermuda0.232020108🇸🇩Sudan0.232005109🇲🇩Moldova0.222023110🇧🇮Burundi0.212018111🇸🇨Seychelles0.202016112🇧🇦Bosnia and Herzegovina0.192023113🇹🇬Togo0.192014114🇦🇿Azerbaijan0.182023115🇦🇲Armenia0.182023116🇲🇱Mali0.172021117🇵🇰Pakistan0.162023118🇵🇪Peru0.162022119🇵🇦Panama0.162023120🇧🇴Bolivia0.162009121🇦🇱Albania0.152008122🇰🇿Kazakhstan0.142023123🇸🇻El Salvador0.142022124🇹🇲Turkmenistan0.142022125🇺🇿Uzbekistan0.132023126🇵🇾Paraguay0.122022127🇰🇭Cambodia0.122015128🇻🇨St. Vincent and the Grenadines0.112002129🇳🇮Nicaragua0.112015130🇱🇰Sri Lanka0.112022131🇧🇭Bahrain0.102014132🇰🇼Kuwait0.102023133🇹🇯Tajikistan0.092020134🇲🇳Mongolia0.082022135🇸🇾Syrian Arab Republic0.072022136🇨🇮Cote d'Ivoire0.072016137🇬🇲Gambia, The0.072018138🇨🇻Cabo Verde0.072011139🇯🇲Jamaica0.062002140🇭🇳Honduras0.062019141🇰🇬Kyrgyz Republic0.062023142🇬🇹Guatemala0.062021143🇱🇸Lesotho0.052015144🇹🇹Trinidad and Tobago0.052022145🇮🇶Iraq0.042021146🇲🇨Monaco0.042005147🇱🇦Lao PDR0.042002148🇦🇴Angola0.032016149🇵🇬Papua New Guinea0.032016150🇻🇮Virgin Islands (U.S.)0.032007151🇲🇲Myanmar0.022023152🇲🇬Madagascar0.012017153🇲🇷Mauritania0.012018